Note: Personal communication is usually unpublished information retrieved from letters, email, personal interviews, or telephone conversations. It is only cited in-text and not in the reference list in the format provided below. We recommend using sparingly and only with good reason because it does not provide recoverable data.
D. McNally (personal communication, April 18, 2016) advised that …
… to avoid ethical quandaries (D. McNally, personal communication, April 18, 2016).
